背景:Hylurgusligniperda(鞘翅目:Curculionida)是一种世界性的森林检疫性害虫。它分布广泛,有许多寄主树种,具有很强的适应能力。探讨其环境适应性及相关分子机制,我们进行了染色体水平的基因组测序,分析了不同环境因素下的转录组,识别关键表达基因。
结果:我们雇用了PacBio,Illumina,和Hi-C测序技术来组装一个520Mb染色体水平的H.lumiperda基因组,在138个支架上获得39.97Mb的N50。重复掩蔽后总共注释了10,765个蛋白质编码基因。鉴定出14条染色体,其中Hyli14被确定为性染色体。在高温和低湿度条件下测试了各个生长期的生存统计数据。成人在25℃时的最长生存期达到292天,65%相对湿度。相比之下,在35°C下的最大生存期为14天,65%相对湿度,在25°C下106天,相对湿度40%。这表明环境胁迫条件显着降低了成年人的生存期。我们进一步进行了转录组分析,以筛选潜在有影响的差异表达基因,如CYP450和组蛋白。随后,我们进行了基因家族分析,以深入了解它们的功能和相互作用,如CYP450和组蛋白。CYP450基因影响细胞色素P450途径酶的解毒代谢,以适应不同的环境。组蛋白基因参与木瓜昆虫激素的生物合成和寿命调节途径,以适应环境胁迫。
结论:首次组装了H.lumiperda染色体水平的基因组。在35℃时,木脂菌的死亡率显著增加,65%RH,和25℃,40%RH。CYP450和组蛋白基因在应对环境胁迫中起重要作用。该基因组为研究甲虫入侵和传播背后的分子机制提供了大量的遗传资源。
BACKGROUND: Hylurgus ligniperda (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a worldwide forest quarantine pest. It is widely distributed, has many host tree species, and possesses strong adaptability. To explore its environmental adaptability and the related molecular mechanisms, we conducted chromosome-level genome sequencing and analyzed the transcriptome under different environmental factors, identifying key expressed genes.
RESULTS: We employed PacBio, Illumina, and Hi-C sequencing techniques to assemble a 520 Mb chromosomal-level genome of H. ligniperda, obtaining an N50 of 39.97 Mb across 138 scaffolds. A total of 10,765 protein-coding genes were annotated after repeat masking. Fourteen chromosomes were identified, among which Hyli14 was determined to be the sex chromosome. Survival statistics were tested over various growth periods under high temperature and low humidity conditions. The maximum survival period of adults reached 292 days at 25 °C, 65% relative humidity. In comparison, the maximum survival period was 14 days under 35 °C, 65% relative humidity, and 106 days under 25°C, 40% relative humidity. This indicated that environmental stress conditions significantly reduced adults\' survival period. We further conducted transcriptome analysis to screen for potentially influential differentially expressed genes, such as CYP450 and
Histone. Subsequently, we performed gene family analysis to gain insights into their functions and interactions, such as CYP450 and
Histone. CYP450 genes affected the detoxification metabolism of enzymes in the Cytochrome P450 pathway to adapt to different environments.
Histone genes are involved in insect hormone biosynthesis and longevity-regulating pathways in H. ligniperda to adapt to environmental stress.
CONCLUSIONS: The genome at the chromosome level of H. ligniperda was assembled for the first time. The mortality of H. ligniperda increased significantly at 35 ℃, 65% RH, and 25 ℃, 40% RH. CYP450 and
Histone genes played an important role in response to environmental stress. This genome offers a substantial genetic resource for investigating the molecular mechanisms behind beetle invasion and spread.