目的:这项研究检查了患病率,在Woreta基层医院抗逆转录病毒治疗中心就诊的成人HIV感染者贫血的严重程度和危险因素,Woreta镇,埃塞俄比亚。
方法:以医院为基础的回顾性横断面研究。
方法:在Woreta镇提供艾滋病毒护理的公共卫生设施。
方法:采用系统抽样方法,对2019年2月至2023年9月在政府医院接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的289份HIV/AIDS成人病历进行了回顾。使用Epi-infoV.7输入数据,并导出到SPSSV.23进行数据分析。使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型分析数据,以确定与贫血相关的变量。在95%CI水平,P值<0.05的变量被认为是有统计学意义的预测因子。
方法:在Woreta基层医院接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的成年HIV患者中,贫血的患病率和严重程度及其预测因素。
结果:贫血的总患病率为31.5%(95%CI28.9~33.8)。轻度的患病率,中度和重度贫血为20.42%,10.38%和0.70%,分别。与贫血独立相关的预测因素是女性(校正OR(AOR)1.08),年龄≥40岁(AOR1.21),与艾滋病毒一起生活>10年(AOR2.31),CD4计数<200细胞/微升(AOR3.81),非抑制病毒载量(AOR1.28),机会性感染史(AOR1.54),WHO临床III期和IV期(分别为AOR1.37和2.23)和寄生虫侵染史(AOR2.81)。
结论:相当比例的参与者被发现贫血。女性性别,年龄较大,长时间与病毒共存,较低的CD4计数,非抑制病毒载量,机会性感染史,WHO临床III和IV期以及寄生虫感染史是促成因素。因此,改善艾滋病毒感染者的贫血状况和生活环境,需要对相关因素立即采取行动,如监测CD4计数维持>200细胞/μL,避免HIV进展到晚期WHO临床阶段,抑制病毒载量,预防机会性感染和寄生虫感染。
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence, severity and risk factors of
anaemia among adult people living with HIV attending an antiretroviral therapy centre in Woreta Primary Hospital, Woreta town, Ethiopia.
METHODS: Hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Public health facility that provides HIV care in Woreta town.
METHODS: A total of 289 medical records of adults living with HIV/AIDS on highly active antiretroviral therapy from February 2019 to September 2023 at government hospital were reviewed using a systematic sampling method. The data were entered using Epi-info V.7 and exported to SPSS V.23 for data analysis. The data were analysed using bivariate and then multivariate logistic regression models in order to identify variables associated with anaemia. At the 95% CI level, variables having a p value of <0.05 were deemed to be statistically significant predictors.
METHODS: Prevalence and severity of
anaemia and its predictors among adult patients living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Woreta Primary Hospital.
RESULTS: The total prevalence of
anaemia was 31.5% (95% CI 28.9 to 33.8). The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe
anaemia was 20.42%, 10.38% and 0.70%, respectively. Predictors independently linked with
anaemia were female sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.08), age ≥40 years (AOR 1.21), lived with HIV >10 years (AOR 2.31), CD4 counts <200 cells/µL (AOR 3.81), non-suppressed viral load (AOR 1.28), history of opportunistic infections (AOR 1.54), WHO clinical stages III and IV (AOR 1.37 and 2.23, respectively) and history of parasitic infestation (AOR 2.81).
CONCLUSIONS: A sizeable proportion of participants were found anaemic. Female sex, older age, longer periods lived with the virus, lower CD4 count, non-suppressed viral load, history of opportunistic infections, WHO clinical stages III and IV and history of parasitic infestation were the contributing factors. Therefore, to improve the anaemic status and living circumstances of patients living with HIV, immediate action on the linked factors is needed, such as monitoring for maintenance of CD4 counts >200 cells/μL and avoiding progression of HIV to the advanced WHO clinical stages, suppressed viral load, preventing opportunistic infections and parasitic infestation.