马尾藻(S.horneri),沿着亚洲海岸线过度繁殖的棕色海藻,正在破坏海洋生态系统。因此,本研究旨在通过乳酸菌发酵提高霍氏芽孢杆菌的营养价值,以提高霍氏芽孢杆菌作为功能性食品补充剂的利用率,从而解决了霍纳里沿海的积累。用戊糖乳杆菌SH803进行补充horneri的发酵最有效,因此该产品(F-SHWE)用于进一步的体外研究。氧化应激相关基因NF-κB的F-SHWE归一化表达,p53,BAX,细胞色素C,半胱天冬酶9和半胱天冬酶3,而非发酵S.horneri(SHWE)没有,在H2O2诱导的HT-29细胞模型中。此外,在LPS诱导的HT-29细胞模型中,F-SHWE修复炎症标记基因ZO1、IL1β、IFNγ比SHWE更有效。为了进一步的功能评估,还在3T3-L1脂肪细胞中处理F-SHWE。因此,F-SHWE减少脂质积累,随着脂肪形成标记PPARγ的基因表达,C/EBPα,C/EBPβ,aP2和Lpl;脂肪生成标记Lep,Akt,SREBP1,Acc,Fas;炎症标志物IFN-γ和NF-κB。值得注意的是,C/EBPβ基因表达,IFN-γ和NF-κB仅被F-SHWE抑制,表明发酵对肥胖相关特性的增强作用。成分分析将F-SHWE的保护作用归因于醋酸盐,F-SHWE中的有机酸明显高于SHWE。因此,F-SHWE是一种新型的潜在抗肥胖剂,提供减少海洋生态系统中过量霍氏链球菌种群的策略。
Sargassum horneri (S. horneri), a brown seaweed excessively proliferating along Asian coastlines, are damaging marine ecosystems. Thus, this study aimed to enhance nutritional value of S. horneri through lactic acid bacteria fermentation to increase S. horneri utilization as a functional food supplement, and consequently resolve coastal S. horneri accumulation. S. horneri supplemented fermentation was most effective with Lactiplantibacillus pentosus SH803, thus this product (F-SHWE) was used for further in vitro studies. F-SHWE normalized expressions of oxidative stress related genes NF-κB, p53, BAX, cytochrome C, caspase 9, and caspase 3, while non-fermented S. horneri (SHWE) did not, in a H2O2-induced HT-29 cell model. Moreover, in an LPS-induced HT-29 cell model, F-SHWE repaired expressions of inflammation marker genes ZO1, IL1β, IFNγ more effectively than SHWE. For further functional assessment, F-SHWE was also treated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. As a result, F-SHWE decreased lipid accumulation, along with gene expression of adipogenesis markers PPARγ, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, aP2, and Lpl; lipogenesis markers Lep, Akt, SREBP1, Acc, Fas; inflammation markers IFN-γ and NF-κB. Notably, gene expression of C/EBPβ, IFN-γ and NF-κB were suppressed only by F-SHWE, suggesting the enhancing effect of fermentation on obesity-related properties. Compositional analysis attributed the protective effects of F-SHWE to acetate, an organic acid significantly higher in F-SHWE than SHWE. Therefore, F-SHWE is a novel potential anti-obesity agent, providing a strategy to reduce excess S. horneri populations along marine ecosystems.