■根据残疾状况检查危险物质使用的研究是有限的,很少调查不同残疾类型的差异。我们调查了有残疾和无残疾成年人的暴饮暴食和处方阿片类药物滥用,根据残疾的类型,告知需要在这些人群中进行评估和干预。
■完成残疾的成年人的二级分析,酒精,和2018年俄亥俄州的处方阿片类药物滥用项目,佛罗里达,或内布拉斯加州行为危险因素监测系统调查(n=28341),2018年唯一包括处方阿片类药物滥用的州。自我报告的残疾状况(是/否)依赖于6个标准化问题,评估困难:视力,听力,移动性,认知,自我照顾,和独立生活(二分法,不相互排斥,对于每个残疾)。Logistic回归模型估计残疾状态和类型与(1)过去30天的暴饮暴食和(2)过去一年的处方阿片类药物滥用的关联。其他模型仅限于成年人的单独子样本:(a)目前饮酒,(b)收到过去一年的处方阿片类药物,和(c)没有收到过去一年的处方阿片类药物。
■三分之一的人报告说至少有一个残疾,流动性(19.5%),认知(11.5%),听力(10.2%)残疾是最常见的。残疾状态与暴饮暴食的几率较低相关(调整后的优势比[AOR]=0.74,95%置信区间[CI]0.68-0.80,P≤0.01)。然而,在目前喝酒的成年人中,残疾人暴饮暴食的几率较高(AOR=1.11,95%CI1.01-1.22,P≤.05).残疾与过去一年处方阿片类药物滥用的几率较高相关(AOR=2.51,95%CI2.17-2.91,P≤0.01)。
■残疾成年人滥用处方阿片类药物的几率更高,在目前喝酒的成年人中,观察到暴饮暴食的几率更高。残疾状况与处方阿片类药物滥用之间的关联程度尤其令人担忧。供应商应接受培训,以筛查和治疗残疾人的物质使用问题。
UNASSIGNED: Research examining at-risk substance use by disability status is limited, with little investigation into differences by disability type. We investigated binge drinking and prescription opioid misuse among adults with and without disabilities, and by type of disability, to inform need for assessment and intervention within these populations.
UNASSIGNED: Secondary analyses of adults who completed the disability, alcohol, and prescription opioid misuse items in the 2018 Ohio, Florida, or
Nebraska Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys (n = 28 341), the only states that included prescription opioid misuse in 2018. Self-reported disability status (yes/no) relied on 6 standardized questions assessing difficulties with: vision, hearing, mobility, cognition, self-care, and independent living (dichotomous, nonmutually exclusive, for each disability). Logistic regression models estimated the association of disability status and type with (1) past 30-day binge drinking and (2) past-year prescription opioid misuse. Additional models were restricted to separate subsamples of adults who: (a) currently drink, (b) received a past-year prescription opioid, and (c) did not receive a past-year prescription opioid.
UNASSIGNED: One-third reported at least one disability, with mobility (19.5%), cognitive (11.5%), and hearing (10.2%) disability being the most common. Disability status was associated with lower odds of binge drinking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-0.80, P ≤ .01). However, among adults who currently drink, people with disabilities had higher odds of binge drinking (AOR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22, P ≤ .05]. Disability was associated with higher odds of past-year prescription opioid misuse (AOR = 2.51, 95% CI 2.17-2.91, P ≤ .01).
UNASSIGNED: Adults with disabilities had higher odds of prescription opioid misuse, and among adults who currently drink, higher odds for binge drinking were observed. The magnitude of the association between disability status and prescription opioid misuse was particularly concerning. Providers should be trained to screen and treat for substance use problems for people with disabilities.