■2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行,脑雾的广泛出现和持续导致人们的生产力和生活质量下降。然而,COVID-19相关脑雾的临床特征尚不清楚,缺乏标准化评估。本研究旨在开发脑雾评估量表,并支持临床实践和研究。
■使用标准化方法开发了17项脑雾评估(BFA)量表,包括文献综述,焦点小组讨论(FGD),专家评估,和心理验证。在文献综述之后产生了18个潜在项目。这些项目随后在FGD期间进行了改进,其中包括来自患者的输入,看护者,和神经病学的多学科专家,认知神经科学,和心理学。经过深思熟虑和专家评估,项目库最终确定为17个项目的规模。我们从中国社区招募了1,325名从COVID-19康复的患者。通过信度和效度分析评估心理测量特性。
■BFA量表的探索性因素分析揭示了一种三因素模式,包括“认知衰退”(9项),\'混乱-迷失方向\'(五个项目),和“疲劳”(三项)。各因素的内部一致性很强(Cronbach'sα:0.82-0.92)。验证性因素分析表明,该模型符合,收敛有效性,量表的判别效度令人满意。测试-重测可靠性强(组内相关系数=0.84)。标准相关效度分析显示与伍德精神疲劳量表有很强的相关性(r=0.70,p<0.001)。BFA得分较高的个体在蒙特利尔认知评估中得分较低(r=-0.23,p=0.015)。
■我们建立了一种新的BFA量表,以量化COVID-19相关脑雾的多个临床方面。使用BFA量表,疲劳和记忆力下降,注意,并被认为是COVID-19相关脑雾的主要症状。该量表对COVID-19相关脑雾患者的疾病监测和治疗开发具有潜在意义。
UNASSIGNED: Post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the widespread emergence and persistence of brain fog has led to a decline in people\'s productivity and quality of life. However, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19-associated brain fog are unclear, and standardized assessments are lacking. This study aims to develop a scale for brain fog assessment and support clinical practice and research.
UNASSIGNED: The 17-item Brain Fog Assessment (BFA) scale was developed using a standardized methodology, including literature review, focus group discussions (FGDs), expert evaluation, and psychometric validation. Eighteen potential items were generated following the literature review. These items were subsequently refined during FGDs, which included input from patients, caregivers, and multidisciplinary experts in neurology, cognitive neuroscience, and psychology. After thorough deliberation and expert evaluation, the item pool was finalized into a 17-item scale. We recruited 1,325 patients recovered from COVID-19 from Chinese communities. Psychometric properties were assessed by reliability and validity analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Exploratory factor analysis of the BFA scale revealed a three-factor mode comprising \'cognitive decline\' (nine items), \'confusion - disorientation\' (five items), and \'fatigue\' (three items). The internal consistency of each factor was strong (Cronbach\'s α: 0.82-0.92). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the scale were satisfactory. The test-retest reliability was strong (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84). Criterion-related validity analysis showed a strong correlation to the Wood Mental Fatigue Inventory (r = 0.70, p < 0.001). Individuals with a higher BFA score tended to score lower on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (r = -0.23, p = 0.015).
UNASSIGNED: We established a novel BFA scale to quantify multiple clinical aspects of COVID-19-associated brain fog. Using the BFA scale, fatigue and declining performance in memory, attention, and thought were identified as the main symptoms of COVID-19-associated brain fog. This scale has potential implications for disease monitoring and therapy development for individuals with COVID-19-associated brain fog.