背景:卵巢癌是全球女性发病率和死亡率的重要原因。早期发现和准确诊断对于改善患者预后至关重要。血清生物标志物,如癌抗原125(CA-125),在帮助诊断和监测卵巢病变方面表现出了希望。
目的:本研究旨在评估血清CA-125水平作为卵巢病变的生物标志物的实用性,与组织病理学诊断和临床结果相关。
方法:进行了一项前瞻性观察研究,在医院或诊所招募144名疑似卵巢病变的女性患者。人口统计数据,体检结果,成像结果,在基线时收集血清CA-125水平。患者接受腹腔镜或手术干预进行组织活检或切除,并进行了组织病理学检查以确认诊断。临床结果,包括对治疗和疾病复发的反应,在随访期间进行监测。
结果:研究人群的基线特征显示,有和没有卵巢病变的参与者之间存在显着差异。年龄较大(平均年龄54.8vs.45.6)年;p<0.001)和更高的血清CA-125水平(65.9vs.28.6U/mL,p<0.001)与卵巢病理有关。组织病理学分析显示良性囊腺瘤是最常见的亚型(31.8%),其次是浆液性癌(27.3%)和交界性肿瘤(22.7%)。临床结果表明,大多数患者的治疗反应良好,77.3%达到完全缓解,15.9%复发。然而,升高的CA-125水平与较差的治疗反应(p<0.001)和较高的复发率显着相关,提示其作为卵巢病变预后生物标志物的潜力。
结论:血清CA-125水平可作为卵巢病变的有价值的生物标志物,协助卵巢癌的诊断和监测。然而,它的效用受到缺乏特异性的限制,特别是在区分良性和恶性卵巢病变方面。将CA-125与其他临床参数和成像方式整合可以提高诊断准确性并改善卵巢癌治疗中的患者预后。
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Serum biomarkers, such as cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), have shown promise in aiding the diagnosis and monitoring of ovarian lesions.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the utility of serum CA-125 levels as a biomarker for ovarian lesions, correlating with histopathological diagnosis and clinical outcomes.
METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted, enrolling 144 female patients presenting with suspected ovarian lesions at a hospital or clinic. Demographic data, physical examination findings, imaging results, and serum CA-125 levels were collected at baseline. Patients underwent laparoscopic or surgical intervention for tissue biopsy or resection, and a histopathological examination was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Clinical outcomes, including response to treatment and disease recurrence, were monitored during follow-up visits.
RESULTS: The baseline characteristics of the study population showed significant differences between participants with and without ovarian lesions. Older age (mean age 54.8 vs. 45.6) years; p < 0.001) and higher serum CA-125 levels (65.9 vs. 28.6 U/mL, p < 0.001) were associated with ovarian pathology. Histopathological analysis revealed benign cystadenoma as the most prevalent subtype (31.8%), followed by serous carcinoma (27.3%) and borderline tumors (22.7%). Clinical outcomes indicated favorable treatment responses in most patients, with 77.3% achieving complete remission and 15.9% experiencing recurrence. However, elevated CA-125 levels were significantly associated with poorer treatment response (p < 0.001) and higher rates of recurrence, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker for ovarian lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum CA-125 levels serve as a valuable biomarker for ovarian lesions, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of ovarian cancer. However, its utility is limited by its lack of specificity, particularly in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian lesions. Integrating CA-125 with other clinical parameters and imaging modalities may enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve patient outcomes in ovarian cancer management.