{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Dual approaches in pharmacogenetics: Developing PCR-SSP and RT-PCR methods for HLA-B*13:01 screening to prevent dapsone and Co-trimoxazole SCARs.
{Author}: Attapong J;Kaset C;Nakkam N;Tassaneeyakul W;Wichukchinda N;Chomean S;
{Journal}: Heliyon
{Volume}: 10
{Issue}: 15
{Year}: 2024 Aug 15
{Factor}: 3.776
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34977
{Abstract}: Dapsone and co-trimoxazole are potent antibiotics for treating various infections and inflammations. However, several studies reported the strongly association between severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) to both drugs and the HLA-B*13:01 allele. Rapid and reliable screening for the HLA-B*13:01 allele can mitigate the risk of dapsone-induced SCARs. We developed two methods, multiplex sequence-specific primer PCR (PCR-SSP) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR), tailored for different clinical settings. These methods were optimized to minimize false positives among the Thai population. Clinical validation demonstrated excellent reproducibility, with both methods showing 100 % concordance in repeated tests. PCR-SSP achieved a limit of detection as low as 100 pg of genomic DNA, while RT-PCR reached 1 pg. Overall statistical accuracy was 100.00 % (95 % CI: 98.18 %-100.00 %). Screening for drug-related HLA alleles is crucial for reducing mortality from severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions, especially dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) and dapsone-induced hypersensitivity reactions (DIHRs). Our screening approach for dapsone can also be extended to co-trimoxazole, representing a significant advancement in personalized medicine and preemptive pharmacogenetic testing for tailored patient care and safety, albeit further validation in diverse ethnic populations is warranted to ensure universal applicability.