{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics after primary vaccination with two-dose inactivated whole-virus vaccine, heterologous mRNA-1273 vaccine booster, and Omicron breakthrough infection in Indonesian health care workers.
{Author}: Suwarti S;Lazarus G;Zanjabila S;Sinto R;Fransiska F;Deborah T;Oktavia D;Junaidah J;Santayana S;Surendra H;Yuliana J;Pardosi H;Nuraeni N;Soebianto S;Susilowati ND;Subekti D;Pradipta A;Baird JK;Tan LV;Dunachie S;Shankar AH;Nelwan EJ;Hamers RL; ;
{Journal}: BMC Infect Dis
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 Aug 1
{Factor}: 3.667
{DOI}: 10.1186/s12879-024-09644-y
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Data on the dynamics and persistence of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after primary vaccination with two-dose inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) are limited. This study evaluated the sequential effects of prior infection, heterologous boosting with mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and the occurrence of Omicron vaccine-breakthrough infection (VBI) thereafter.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We evaluated anti-spike IgG (Abbott) and neutralising (cPASS/GenScript) antibody (nAb) titers up to one year after mRNA-1273 boost in two-dose-CoronaVac-primed Indonesian healthcare workers (August 2021-August 2022). We used linear mixed modeling to estimate the rate of change in antibody levels, and logistic regression to examine associations between antibody levels and VBI.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Of 138 participants, 52 (37.7%) had a prior infection and 78 (56.5%) received an mRNA-1273 booster. After two-dose CoronaVac, antibody titers had significantly declined within 180 days, irrespective of prior infection. After mRNA-1273 booster, anti-spike IgG (1.47% decline/day) and Omicron B.1.1.529/BA.2 nAbs declined between day 28-90, and IgG titers plateaued between day 90-360. During the BA.1/BA.2 wave (February-March 2022), 34.6% (27/78) of individuals experienced a VBI (median 181 days after mRNA-1273), although none developed severe illness. VBI was associated with low pre-VBI anti-spike IgG and B.1.1.529/BA.2 nAbs, which were restored post-VBI.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>mRNA-1273 booster after two-dose CoronaVac did not prevent BA.1/BA.2 VBI. Periodic vaccine boosters may be warranted against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.