{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Thermoresponsive gel containing bilirubin nanoparticles exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and augmenting interleukin-10 levels in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema.
{Author}: Kamothi DJ;Kant V;Jangir BL;Ahuja M;Joshi VG;Kumar V;
{Journal}: Indian J Pharmacol
{Volume}: 56
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 2024 May 1
{Factor}: 2.833
{DOI}: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_525_23
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Topical corticosteroids treat cutaneous inflammation but have side effects. In earlier studies, bilirubin exhibited anti-inflammatory effect, but its hydrophobicity and poor absorption limit its potential.<BR><B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Synthesis of bilirubin nanoparticles (BNP) and bilirubin nanoparticles gels (BNP gel) to study the anti-inflammatory effect of topical BNP gel against carrageenan-induced rat paw edema in Wistar rats.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>BNP were synthesized, and BNP gels were prepared by mixing BNP of different concentrations with pluronic F-127 (PF-127). A different group for each formulation was assigned with five rats in each group. After 1 h of carrageenan (1% [w/v]) injection in each group, different gels were applied topically to their respective groups. Paw edema size, percent inflammation, percent edema inhibition, and inhibition time50 were evaluated. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels and neutrophil infiltration in rat paw tissue were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hematoxylin and eosin, respectively.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Synthesized spherical-shaped BNP had negative zeta potential. BNP gels markedly reduced paw edema size and % inflammation as compared to carrageenan and bulk bilirubin gel (Bulk B gel) treated group and significantly increased IL-10 levels and inhibited neutrophil infiltration.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>BNP gels exhibited a better anti-inflammatory effect than bulk B gel and comparable anti-inflammatory potential with clobetasol.