{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Deformation Estimation of Textureless Objects from a Single Image.
{Author}: Adli SE;Pickard JK;Sun G;Dubay R;
{Journal}: Sensors (Basel)
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 14
{Year}: 2024 Jul 20
{Factor}: 3.847
{DOI}: 10.3390/s24144707
{Abstract}: Deformations introduced during the production of plastic components degrade the accuracy of their 3D geometric information, a critical aspect of object inspection processes. This phenomenon is prevalent among primary plastic products from manufacturers. This work proposes a solution for the deformation estimation of textureless plastic objects using only a single RGB image. This solution encompasses a unique image dataset of five deformed parts, a novel method for generating mesh labels, sequential deformation, and a training model based on graph convolution. The proposed sequential deformation method outperforms the prevalent chamfer distance algorithm in generating precise mesh labels. The training model projects object vertices into features extracted from the input image, and then, predicts vertex location offsets based on the projected features. The predicted meshes using these offsets achieve a sub-millimeter accuracy on synthetic images and approximately 2.0 mm on real images.