{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: IgLON5-IgG: Innocent Bystander or Perpetrator?
{Author}: Andersen J;Jeffrey B;Varikatt W;Rodriguez M;Lin MW;Brown DA;
{Journal}: Int J Mol Sci
{Volume}: 25
{Issue}: 14
{Year}: 2024 Jul 21
{Factor}: 6.208
{DOI}: 10.3390/ijms25147956
{Abstract}: Anti-IgLON5 (IgLON5-IgG)-associated disease is a newly defined clinical entity. This literature review aims to evaluate its pathogenesis, which remains a pivotal question. Features that favour a primary neurodegenerative mechanism include the non-inflammatory tauopathy neuropathological signature and overrepresentation of microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) H1/H1 genotype as seen in other sporadic tauopathies. In contrast, the cell-surface localisation of IgLON5, capability of anti-IgLON5 antibodies to exert direct in vitro pathogenicity and disrupt IgLON5 interactions with its binding partners, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*10:01 and HLA-DQB1*05:01 allele preponderance with high affinity binding of IgLON5 peptides, and responsiveness to immunotherapy favour a primary autoimmune process. The presentation and course of anti-IgLON5-associated disease is heterogenous; hence, we hypothesise that a multitude of immune mechanisms are likely simultaneously operational in this disease cohort.