{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Anthropometric and sociodemographic variables, but not preconception or prenatal maternal nutrition supplementation, predict neurodevelopment in offspring of the 'Women First' trial.
{Author}: Waldrop S;Chowdhury D;Westcott JE;Biasini F;Garcés A;Figueroa L;Tshefu A;Lokangaka A;Bauserman M;Saleem S;Ali SA;Goldenberg RL;Goudar SS;Dhaded SM;Derman RJ;Kemp JF;Koso-Thomas M;Das A;Hambidge M;Krebs NF; ;
{Journal}: Matern Child Nutr
{Volume}: 0
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2024 Jul 23
{Factor}: 3.66
{DOI}: 10.1111/mcn.13703
{Abstract}: Multiple factors influence infant and child neurodevelopment in low resource settings. In offspring of participants in the preconception maternal nutrition trial, Women First (WF), we examined the impact of providing a preconception (Arm 1) or prenatal (Arm 2) nutrient supplement (compared to controls, Arm 3) on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months; predictors of neurodevelopment scores; and associations of infant anthropometrics with neurodevelopmental scores. Follow-up visits for anthropometry were conducted at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24-month of age. At 24-months, in a randomized subset, the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 3rd edition (BSID-III), including cognitive, motor and social-emotional subscales, and the Family Care Indicators (FCI) questionnaire, assessing family and home environment, were completed. Multiple covariates (intervention arm, site, maternal sociodemographic characteristics, FCI subscales, birthweight and 6-24 months' change in anthropometry z-scores, (e.g., ΔLAZ6-2 4) were evaluated by linear regression to predict BSID-III outcomes and to assess associations of anthropometric changes with BSID-III scores. The analysis consisted of 1386 infants (n = 441, 486, 459 for Arms 1, 2 and 3, respectively). None of the domain-specific BSID-III subscale scores differed by maternal intervention arm. Four covariates significantly predicted (p ≤ 0.01) all 3 BSID-III subscales: secondary maternal education, ΔLAZ6 - 24, birthweight >2500 g, and FCI play materials. Linear growth was associated with all domains of neurodevelopment. The results underscore the multi-dimensional aspects of child development represented by the nurturing care framework, including prenatal maternal nutrition, post-natal growth, maternal education for responsive caregiving and opportunities for early learning.