{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Revealing the UV response of melanocytes in xeroderma pigmentosum group A using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells.
{Author}: Takemori C;Koyanagi-Aoi M;Fukumoto T;Kunisada M;Wakamatsu K;Ito S;Hosaka C;Takeuchi S;Kubo A;Aoi T;Nishigori C;
{Journal}: J Dermatol Sci
{Volume}: 0
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2024 Jun 22
{Factor}: 5.408
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2024.06.004
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is characterized by photosensitivity that causes pigmentary disorder and predisposition to skin cancers on sunlight-exposed areas due to DNA repair deficiency. Patients with XP group A (XP-A) develop freckle-like pigmented maculae and depigmented maculae within a year unless strict sun-protection is enforced. Although it is crucial to study pigment cells (melanocytes: MCs) as disease target cells, establishing MCs in primary cultures is challenging.<BR><B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Elucidation of the disease pathogenesis by comparison between MCs differentiated from XP-A induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and healthy control iPSCs on the response to UV irradiation.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>iPSCs were established from a XP-A fibroblasts and differentiated into MCs. Differences in gene expression profiles between XP-A-iPSC-derived melanocytes (XP-A-iMCs) and Healthy control iPSC-derived MCs (HC-iMCs) were analyzed 4 and 12 h after irradiation with 30 or 150 J/m2 of UV-B using microarray analysis.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>XP-A-iMCs expressed SOX10, MITF, and TYR, and showed melanin synthesis. Further, XP-A-iMCs showed reduced DNA repair ability. Gene expression profile between XP-A-iMCs and HC-iMCs revealed that, numerous gene probes that were specifically upregulated or downregulated in XP-A-iMCs after 150-J/m2 of UV-B irradiation did not return to basal levels. Of note that apoptotic pathways were highly upregulated at 150 J/m2 UV exposure in XP-A-iMCs, and cytokine-related pathways were upregulated even at 30 J/m2 UV exposure.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>We revealed for the first time that cytokine-related pathways were upregulated even at low-dose UV exposure in XP-A-iMCs. Disease-specific iPSCs are useful to elucidate the disease pathogenesis and develop treatment strategies of XP.