{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Early biomarkers in the presymptomatic phase of cognitive impairment: changes in the endocannabinoidome and serotonergic pathways in Alzheimer's-prone mice after mTBI.
{Author}: Guida F;Iannotta M;Lauritano A;Infantino R;Salviati E;Verde R;Luongo L;Sommella EM;Iannotti FA;Campiglia P;Maione S;Di Marzo V;Piscitelli F;
{Journal}: Acta Neuropathol Commun
{Volume}: 12
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 Jul 12
{Factor}: 7.578
{DOI}: 10.1186/s40478-024-01820-0
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Despite extensive studies on the neurobiological correlates of traumatic brain injury (TBI), little is known about its molecular determinants on long-term consequences, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Here, we carried out behavioural studies and an extensive biomolecular analysis, including inflammatory cytokines, gene expression and the combination of LC-HRMS and MALDI-MS Imaging to elucidate the targeted metabolomics and lipidomics spatiotemporal alterations of brains from wild-type and APP-SWE mice, a genetic model of AD, at the presymptomatic stage, subjected to mild TBI.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>We found that brain injury does not affect cognitive performance in APP-SWE mice. However, we detected an increase of key hallmarks of AD, including Aβ1-42 levels and BACE1 expression, in the cortices of traumatized transgenic mice. Moreover, significant changes in the expanded endocannabinoid (eCB) system, or endocannabinoidome (eCBome), occurred, including increased levels of the endocannabinoid 2-AG in APP-SWE mice in both the cortex and hippocampus, and N-acylserotonins, detected for the first time in the brain. The gene expression of enzymes for the biosynthesis and inactivation of eCBs and eCB-like mediators, and some of their main molecular targets, also underwent significant changes. We also identified the formation of heteromers between cannabinoid 1 (CB1) and serotonergic 2A (5HT2A) receptors, whose levels increased in the cortex of APP-SWE mTBI mice, possibly contributing to the exacerbated pathophysiology of AD induced by the trauma.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Mild TBI induces biochemical changes in AD genetically predisposed mice and the eCBome may play a role in the pathogenetic link between brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders also by interacting with the serotonergic system.