{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Turn-on protein switches for controlling actin binding in cells.
{Author}: Effiong UM;Khairandish H;Ramirez-Velez I;Wang Y;Belardi B;
{Journal}: Nat Commun
{Volume}: 15
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 Jul 11
{Factor}: 17.694
{DOI}: 10.1038/s41467-024-49934-2
{Abstract}: Within a shared cytoplasm, filamentous actin (F-actin) plays numerous and critical roles across the cell body. Cells rely on actin-binding proteins (ABPs) to organize F-actin and to integrate its polymeric characteristics into diverse cellular processes. Yet, the multitude of ABPs that engage with and shape F-actin make studying a single ABP's influence on cellular activities a significant challenge. Moreover, without a means of manipulating actin-binding subcellularly, harnessing the F-actin cytoskeleton for synthetic biology purposes remains elusive. Here, we describe a suite of designed proteins, Controllable Actin-binding Switch Tools (CASTs), whose actin-binding behavior can be controlled with external stimuli. CASTs were developed that respond to different external inputs, providing options for turn-on kinetics and enabling orthogonality and multiplexing. Being genetically encoded, we show that CASTs can be inserted into native protein sequences to control F-actin association locally and engineered into structures to control cell and tissue shape and behavior.