{Reference Type}: Systematic Review
{Title}: Procedures for a Transpyloric Feeding Tube Inserted Into Newborns and Infants: A Systematic Review.
{Author}: Quinteiro NM;Fioravanti Dos Santos J;de Siqueira Caldas JP;Carmona EV;
{Journal}: Adv Neonatal Care
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 4
{Year}: 2024 Aug 1
{Factor}: 1.874
{DOI}: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000001172
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Enteral feeding by a transpyloric tube in critically ill infants is indicated when there is a failure in gastric feeding. However, there is a wide variability regarding the insertion technique.<BR><B>OBJECTIVE: </B>To perform a systematic review of the methods for inserting a transpyloric feeding tube in newborns and infants.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Nine databases, without date or language restrictions, accessed in September 2021.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>A systematic review of experimental and nonexperimental studies, according to the "Patient/problem; Intervention; Comparison; Outcome" strategy and the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" guidelines. The clinical question was about the measurement and insertion techniques, as well as the success rates of properly placing a transpyloric tube in newborns and infants.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Two authors (N.M.Q. and J.F.S.) analyzed 6 observational descriptive prospective studies, all of them published in peer-reviewed indexed medical journals and one in the official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>The success rate varied between 70% and 100%. There was an important variability in the type of tube, measurement method, and insertion techniques. It was found that the most common strategies to achieve proper positioning were glabella-calcaneal measurements, gastric air insufflation, and right lateral decubitus.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>A transpyloric catheter insertion protocol needs to be established in each neonatal unit, according to the literature findings.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Randomized controlled studies that evaluate the gastric air insufflation technique and other adjuvant measures could elucidate the knowledge gap concerning the correct positioning of transpyloric tubing in newborns and infants.