{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Dendritic Cells in Food Allergy, Treatment, and Tolerance. {Author}: Liu EG;Yin X;Siniscalco E;Eisenbarth SC; {Journal}: J Allergy Clin Immunol {Volume}: 0 {Issue}: 0 {Year}: 2024 Jul 4 {Factor}: 14.29 {DOI}: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.06.017 {Abstract}: Food allergy is a growing problem with limited treatment options. It is important to understand the mechanisms of food tolerance and allergy to promote the development of directed therapies. Dendritic cells are specialized antigen presenting cells that prime adaptive immune responses, such as those involved in the development of oral tolerance and food allergies. The dendritic cell subsets in the gut and skin are defined by their surface markers and function. The default response to an ingested innocuous antigen is oral tolerance, which requires either gut dendritic cells or a subset of newly identified RORĪ³t+ antigen presenting cells to induce the development of gut peripheral T regulatory cells. However, dendritic cells in the skin, gut, and lung can also promote allergic sensitization when they are activated under certain inflammatory conditions, such as with alarmin release or gut dysbiosis. Dendritic cells also play a role in the responses to the various modalities of food immunotherapy. Langerhans cells in the skin appear to be necessary for the response to epicutaneous immunotherapy. It will be important to determine which real-world stimuli activate the dendritic cells that prime allergic sensitization and discover methods to selectively initiate a tolerogenic program in antigen presenting cells.