{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Three SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants delivered intranasally by measles and mumps vaccines are broadly protective. {Author}: Zhang Y;Chamblee M;Xu J;Qu P;Shamseldin MM;Yoo SJ;Misny J;Thongpan I;Kc M;Hall JM;Gupta YA;Evans JP;Lu M;Ye C;Hsu CC;Liang X;Martinez-Sobrido L;Yount JS;Boyaka PN;Liu SL;Dubey P;Peeples ME;Li J; {Journal}: Nat Commun {Volume}: 15 {Issue}: 1 {Year}: 2024 Jul 3 {Factor}: 17.694 {DOI}: 10.1038/s41467-024-49443-2 {Abstract}: As the new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and subvariants emerge, there is an urgency to develop intranasal, broadly protective vaccines. Here, we developed highly efficacious, intranasal trivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates (TVC) based on three components of the MMR vaccine: measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV) Jeryl Lynn (JL1) strain, and MuV JL2 strain. Specifically, MeV, MuV-JL1, and MuV-JL2 vaccine strains, each expressing prefusion spike (preS-6P) from a different variant of concern (VoC), were combined to generate TVCs. Intranasal immunization of IFNAR1-/- mice and female hamsters with TVCs generated high levels of S-specific serum IgG antibodies, broad neutralizing antibodies, and mucosal IgA antibodies as well as tissue-resident memory T cells in the lungs. The immunized female hamsters were protected from challenge with SARS-CoV-2 original WA1, B.1.617.2, and B.1.1.529 strains. The preexisting MeV and MuV immunity does not significantly interfere with the efficacy of TVC. Thus, the trivalent platform is a promising next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.