{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Accidental allergic reactions to immediate-type food allergens in Japanese children: A single-center study.
{Author}: Miura Y;Nagakura KI;Takahashi K;Sato S;Ebisawa M;Yanagida N;
{Journal}: Pediatr Allergy Immunol
{Volume}: 35
{Issue}: 7
{Year}: 2024 Jul
{Factor}: 5.464
{DOI}: 10.1111/pai.14185
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Few studies have assessed the nature of accidental allergic reactions (AAR). We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for AAR in Japanese children.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>This study included children with immediate-type hen's egg (HE), cow's milk (CM), wheat, or peanut allergy who developed allergic reactions within at least 2 years and were followed up regularly at a single national allergy center in Japan. From January to December 2020, low-dose reactivity was defined as allergic reactions to ≤250, ≤102, ≤53, or ≤ 133 mg of HE, CM, wheat, or peanut protein, respectively. The annualized AAR rate showed the number of reactions per patient per year (95% confidence interval). AAR risk factors were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Of the 1096 participants, 609, 457, 138, and 90 had HE, CM, wheat, and peanut allergies, respectively. The median (interquartile range) age was 5.0 (2.3-8.6) years, 39% had completely eliminated allergenic food, and 24% had low-dose reactivity. The annualized AAR rate was 0.130 (0.109-0.153) in all sub-cohorts. Moderate and severe symptoms occurred in 50% and 0.7%, respectively, of children who experienced AAR. Multiple logistic regression revealed that low-dose reactivity was a significant risk factor for AAR in the overall and CM cohorts, respectively (p < .001 and p = .036).<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>In this single-center study in Japan, the annualized AAR rate was relatively low during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, half of the participants with AAR had moderate to severe symptoms. Especially in the case of low-dose reactivity, children would require careful AAR risk management.