{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Silicon as a Functional Meat Ingredient Improves Jejunal and Hepatic Cholesterol Homeostasis in a Late-Stage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rat Model.
{Author}: Hernández-Martín M;Garcimartín A;Bocanegra A;Redondo-Castillejo R;Quevedo-Torremocha C;Macho-González A;García Fernández RA;Bastida S;Benedí J;Sánchez-Muniz FJ;López-Oliva ME;
{Journal}: Foods
{Volume}: 13
{Issue}: 12
{Year}: 2024 Jun 7
{Factor}: 5.561
{DOI}: 10.3390/foods13121794
{Abstract}: Silicon included in a restructured meat (RM) matrix (Si-RM) as a functional ingredient has been demonstrated to be a potential bioactive antidiabetic compound. However, the jejunal and hepatic molecular mechanisms by which Si-RM exerts its cholesterol-lowering effects remain unclear. Male Wistar rats fed an RM included in a high-saturated-fat high-cholesterol diet (HSFHCD) combined with a low dose of streptozotocin plus nicotinamide injection were used as late-stage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model. Si-RM was included into the HSFHCD as a functional food. An early-stage TD2M group fed a high-saturated-fat diet (HSFD) was taken as reference. Si-RM inhibited the hepatic and intestinal microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) reducing the apoB-containing lipoprotein assembly and cholesterol absorption. Upregulation of liver X receptor (LXRα/β) by Si-RM turned in a higher low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCG5/8, ABCA1) promoting jejunal cholesterol efflux and transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE), and facilitating partially reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Si-RM decreased the jejunal absorptive area and improved mucosal barrier integrity. Consequently, plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels decreased, as well as the formation of atherogenic lipoprotein particles. Si-RM mitigated the dyslipidemia associated with late-stage T2DM by Improving cholesterol homeostasis. Silicon could be used as an effective nutritional approach in diabetic dyslipidemia management.