{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Algae-constructed wetland integrated system for wastewater treatment: A review.
{Author}: Bang Truong H;Nguyen THT;Ba Tran Q;Son Lam V;Thao Nguyen Nguyen T;Cuong Nguyen X;
{Journal}: Bioresour Technol
{Volume}: 406
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2024 Jun 24
{Factor}: 11.889
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131003
{Abstract}: Integrating algae into constructed wetlands (CWs) enhances wastewater treatment, although the results vary. This review evaluates the role of algae in CWs and the performance of different algae-CW (A-CW) configurations based on literature and meta-analysis. Algae considerably improve N removal, although their impact on other parameters varies. Statistical analysis revealed that 70 % of studies report improved treatment efficiencies with A-CWs, achieving average removal rates of 75 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 74 % for total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and 79 % for total phosphorus (TP). This review identifies hydraulic retention times, which average 3.1 days, and their varied impact on treatment efficacy. Mixed-effects models showed a slight increase in COD and TP removal efficiencies of 0.6 % every ten days in the A-CWs. Future research should focus on robust experimental designs, adequate algal storage and separation techniques, and advanced modeling to optimize the treatment potential of algae in CWs.