{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Understanding plant-soil interactions underpins enhanced sustainability of crop production. {Author}: Wang X;Cheng L;Xiong C;Whalley WR;Miller AJ;Rengel Z;Zhang F;Shen J; {Journal}: Trends Plant Sci {Volume}: 0 {Issue}: 0 {Year}: 2024 Jun 18 {Factor}: 22.012 {DOI}: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.05.008 {Abstract}: The Green Revolution transformed agriculture with high-yielding, stress-resistant varieties. However, the urgent need for more sustainable agricultural development presents new challenges: increasing crop yield, improving nutritional quality, and enhancing resource-use efficiency. Soil plays a vital role in crop-production systems and ecosystem services, providing water, nutrients, and physical anchorage for crop growth. Despite advancements in plant and soil sciences, our understanding of belowground plant-soil interactions, which impact both crop performance and soil health, remains limited. Here, we argue that a lack of understanding of these plant-soil interactions hinders sustainable crop production. We propose that targeted engineering of crops and soils can provide a fresh approach to achieve higher yields, more efficient sustainable crop production, and improved soil health.