{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Detection of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
{Author}: Shanthikumar S;Gower WA;Srinivasan S;Rayment JH;Robinson PD;Bracken J;Stone A;Das S;Barochia A;Charbek E;Tamae-Kakazu M;Reardon EE;Abts M;Blinman T;Calvo C;Cheng PC;Cole TS;Cooke KR;Davies SM;De A;Gross J;Mechinaud F;Sheshadri A;Siddaiah R;Teusink-Cross A;Towe CT;Walkup LL;Yanik GA;Bergeron A;Casey A;Deterding RR;Liptzin DR;Schultz KR;Iyer NP;Goldfarb S;
{Journal}: Am J Respir Crit Care Med
{Volume}: 210
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 2024 08 1
{Factor}: 30.528
{DOI}: 10.1164/rccm.202406-1117ST
{Abstract}: Background: Many children undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant conditions. Unfortunately, pulmonary complications occur frequently post-HSCT, with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) being the most common noninfectious pulmonary complication. Current international guidelines contain conflicting recommendations regarding post-HSCT surveillance for BOS, and a recent NIH workshop highlighted the need for a standardized approach to post-HSCT monitoring. As such, this guideline provides an evidence-based approach to detection of post-HSCT BOS in children. Methods: A multinational, multidisciplinary panel of experts identified six questions regarding surveillance for, and evaluation of, post-HSCT BOS in children. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to answer each question. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. Results: The panel members considered the strength of each recommendation and evaluated the benefits and risks of applying the intervention. In formulating the recommendations, the panel considered patient and caregiver values, the cost of care, and feasibility. Recommendations addressing the role of screening pulmonary function testing and diagnostic tests in children with suspected post-HSCT BOS were made. Following a Delphi process, new diagnostic criteria for pediatric post-HSCT BOS were also proposed. Conclusions: This document provides an evidence-based approach to the detection of post-HSCT BOS in children while also highlighting considerations for the implementation of each recommendation. Further, the document describes important areas for future research.