{Reference Type}: Systematic Review
{Title}: Inflammatory biomarkers in cardiac syndrome X: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
{Author}: Zhao Y;Ghaedi A;Azami P;Nabipoorashrafi SA;Drissi HB;Dezfouli MA;Sarejloo S;Lucke-Wold B;Cerillo J;Khanzadeh M;Jafari N;Khanzadeh S;
{Journal}: BMC Cardiovasc Disord
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 May 28
{Factor}: 2.174
{DOI}: 10.1186/s12872-024-03939-3
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to analyze the existing literature to evaluate the role of inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) among individuals with cardiac syndrome X (CSX) compared to healthy controls.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We used PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Embase to systematically search relevant publications published before April 2, 2023. We performed the meta-analysis using Stata 11.2 software (Stata Corp, College Station, TX). So, we used standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare the biomarker level between patients and healthy controls. The I2 and Cochran's Q tests were adopted to determine the heterogeneity of the included studies.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Overall, 29 articles with 3480 participants (1855 with CSX and 1625 healthy controls) were included in the analysis. There was a significantly higher level of NLR (SMD = 0.85, 95%CI = 0.55-1.15, I2 = 89.0 %), CRP (SMD = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.38 to 1.02, p < 0.0001), IL-6 (SMD = 5.70, 95%CI = 1.91 to 9.50, p = 0.003), TNF-a (SMD = 3.78, 95%CI = 0.63 to 6.92, p = 0.019), and PLR (SMD = 1.38, 95%CI = 0.50 to 2.28, p = 0.02) in the CSX group in comparison with healthy controls.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>The results of this study showed that CSX leads to a significant increase in inflammatory biomarkers, including NLR, CRP, IL-6, TNF-a, and PLR.