{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Evaluation optimum ratio of synthetic bone graft material and platelet rich fibrin mixture in a metal 3D printed implant to enhance bone regeneration.
{Author}: Wong KW;Chen YS;Lin CL;
{Journal}: J Orthop Surg Res
{Volume}: 19
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 May 16
{Factor}: 2.677
{DOI}: 10.1186/s13018-024-04784-y
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>This study aims to evaluate the optimal ratio of synthetic bone graft (SBG) material and platelet rich fibrin (PRF) mixed in a metal 3D-printed implant to enhance bone regeneration.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Specialized titanium hollow implants (5 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height for rabbit; 6 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height for pig) were designed and manufactured using 3D printing technology. The implants were divided into three groups and filled with different bone graft combinations, namely (1) SBG alone; (2) PRF to SBG in 1:1 ratio; (3) PRF to SBG in 2:1 ratio. These three groups were replicated tightly into each bone defect in distal femurs of rabbits (nine implants, n = 3) and femoral shafts of pigs (fifteen implants, n = 5). Animal tissue sections were obtained after euthanasia at the 8th postoperative week. The rabbit specimens were stained with analine blue, while the pig specimens were stained with Masson-Goldner's trichrome stain to perform histologically examination. All titanium hollow implants were well anchored, except in fracture specimens (three in the rabbit and one fracture in the pig).<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Rabbit specimens under analine blue staining showed that collagen tissue increased by about 20% and 40% in the 1:1 ratio group and the 2:1 ratio group, respectively. Masson-Goldner's trichrome stain results showed that new bone growth increased by 32% in the 1:1 ratio PRF to SBG, while - 8% in the 2:1 ratio group.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>This study demonstrated that placing a 1:1 ratio combination of PRF and SBG in a stabilized titanium 3D printed implant resulted in an optimal increase in bone growth.