{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Understanding Pediatric Surge in the United States. {Author}: Lin A;Chung S; {Journal}: Pediatr Clin North Am {Volume}: 71 {Issue}: 3 {Year}: 2024 Jun {Factor}: 3.58 {DOI}: 10.1016/j.pcl.2024.01.013 {Abstract}: The concepts of pediatric surge in the United States continue to evolve from a theoretic framework to practical implementation. As disasters become more frequent, ranging from natural to human-caused, children remain a vulnerable population. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the 2022 to 2023 tripledemic respiratory surge revealed advances and continued challenges in our ability to care for a large influx of pediatric patients. Understanding pediatric surge through the framework of the 4 S's (space, staff, stuff, and systems/structures) can identify gaps at multiple levels.