{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Pituitary-related immune adverse events induced by programmed death Protein-1 inhibitors differ clinically from hypophysitis.
{Author}: Yang L;Zhang Y;Chen X;Liu K;Zhou Y;Wang S;
{Journal}: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
{Volume}: 101
{Issue}: 2
{Year}: 2024 Aug 16
{Factor}: 3.523
{DOI}: 10.1111/cen.15075
{Abstract}: <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>We aimed to elucidate the clinical features of pituitary immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by PD-1 inhibitors in a Chinese cohort and the previous literatures.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>We retrospectively analysed the clinical manifestations, laboratory examination findings, imaging features and treatments of 14 patients with pituitary irAEs caused by PD-1 inhibitors in our cohort. In addition, we searched PubMed for all English articles on pituitary irAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors published from 1950 to 2023. A total of 47 articles were included, and the clinical characteristics of 94 patients with pituitary irAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors in these literatures were compared to the characteristics of our cohort.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Among the 14 patients in our cohort with pituitary irAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors, 12 patients (85.71%, 12/14) exhibited isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD), 100.0% (14/14) of the central adrenocortical insufficiency, and 2 patients showed more than one hypothalamic-pituitary axis injury (14.29%, 2/14). Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging in all the 14 patients showed no pituitary enlargement. In previous studies we reviewed, 82.98% of the total (78/94) presented with pituitary irAEs as IAD, 100.0% (94/94) of the central adrenocortical insufficiency, and 78.33% of the patients showed no abnormality of the pituitary gland (47/60). The pituitary irAEs caused by PD-1 inhibitors did not involve typical manifestations of hypophysitis, such as pituitary enlargement, headache, visual field defects, and multiple pituitary function impairments in our cohort and the previous literatures.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>In our study, pituitary immune-related adverse reactions induced by PD-1 inhibitors mainly manifested isolated ACTH deficiency rather than hypophysitis.