{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Modified RTK-GNSS for Challenging Environments.
{Author}: Fredeluces E;Ozeki T;Kubo N;El-Mowafy A;
{Journal}: Sensors (Basel)
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 9
{Year}: 2024 Apr 24
{Factor}: 3.847
{DOI}: 10.3390/s24092712
{Abstract}: Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK-GNSS) is currently the premier technique for achieving centimeter-level accuracy quickly and easily. However, the robustness of RTK-GNSS diminishes in challenging environments due to severe multipath effects and a limited number of available GNSS signals. This is a pressing issue, especially for GNSS users in the navigation industry. This paper proposes and evaluates several methodologies designed to overcome these issues by enhancing the availability and reliability of RTK-GNSS solutions in urban environments. Our novel approach involves the integration of conventional methods with a new technique that leverages surplus satellites-those not initially used for positioning-to more reliably detect incorrect fix solutions. We conducted three tests in densely built-up areas within the Tokyo region. The results demonstrate that our approach not only surpasses the fix rate of the latest commercial receivers and a popular open-source RTK-GNSS program but also improves positional reliability to levels comparable to or exceeding those of the aforementioned commercial technology.