{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: TiO2 nanotubes as an antibacterial nanotextured surface for dental implants: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
{Author}: Kunrath MF;Farina G;Sturmer LBS;Teixeira ER;
{Journal}: Dent Mater
{Volume}: 40
{Issue}: 6
{Year}: 2024 Jun 6
{Factor}: 5.687
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.04.009
{Abstract}: <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Nanotechnology is constantly advancing in dental science, progressing several features aimed at improving dental implants. An alternative for surface treatment of dental implants is electrochemical anodization, which may generate a nanotubular surface (TiO2 nanotubes) with antibacterial potential and osteoinductive features. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to elucidate the possible antibacterial properties of the surface in question compared to the untreated titanium surface.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>For that purpose, was performed a systematic search on the bases PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Web Of Science, Cinahl, and Cochrane Central, as well as, manual searches and gray literature.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>The searches resulted in 742 articles, of which 156 followed for full-text reading. Then, 37 were included in the systematic review and 8 were included in meta-analysis.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Fifteen studies revealed significant antibacterial protection using TiO2 nanotube surfaces, while 15 studies found no statistical difference between control and nanotextured surfaces. Meta-analysis of in vitro studies demonstrated relevant bacterial reduction only for studies investigating Staphylococcus aureus in a period of 6 h. Meta-analysis of in vivo studies revealed three times lower bacterial adhesion and proliferation on TiO2 nanotube surfaces.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>TiO2 nanotube topography as a surface for dental implants in preclinical research has demonstrated a positive relationship with antibacterial properties, nevertheless, factors such as anodization protocols, bacteria strains, and mono-culture methods should be taken into consideration, consequently, further studies are necessary to promote clinical translatability.