{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Condyloma and Anal Dysplasia.
{Author}: Haviland SM;O'Donnell MT;
{Journal}: Surg Clin North Am
{Volume}: 104
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 2024 Jun
{Factor}: 3.537
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.11.004
{Abstract}: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) are precancerous lesions and are sequela of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. AIN is classified as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Screening with anal cytology and anoscopy should be considered for high-risk populations. Diagnosis is made through high resolution anaoscopy and biopsy. Options for treatment include ablation and several topical therapies; however, recurrence rates are high for all treatment options, and an ongoing surveillance is necessary to prevent progression to anal squamous cell carcinoma. HPV vaccination is recommended to prevent disease.