{Reference Type}: Case Reports {Title}: When Tuberculosis Defies Appearances: The Tale of a Deceptive Abdominal Mass on Imaging. {Author}: Tkak H;Hamami A;Elouali A;Idri Z;Miry N;Benhaddou H;Bennani A;Kamaoui I;Babakhouya A;Rkain M; {Journal}: Cureus {Volume}: 16 {Issue}: 3 {Year}: 2024 Mar 暂无{DOI}: 10.7759/cureus.56686 {Abstract}: Tuberculosis poses a significant public health challenge, especially in highly endemic countries. Rarely, it appears as an abdominal mass resembling a malignant abdominal tumor and can be misleading on imaging, so early diagnosis remains a challenge, and confirmation may require invasive examinations such as laparotomy. The most characteristic radiological appearance is that of a solid, hypervascular, or peripherally enhancing mass with a hypodense center. We present a case of retroperitoneal tuberculosis that simulated a teratoma on imaging. This case highlights the diagnosis difficulties even in endemic countries, despite advances in imaging techniques such as ultrasound and computed tomography.