{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: In vivo study of porous NiTi cryotweezers for bone tissue cryotherapy.
{Author}: Marchenko ES;Dubovikov KM;Kuzhelivskiy II;Pleshkov MO;Koroluk ES;Brazovskii KS;Volinsky AA;
{Journal}: Cryobiology
{Volume}: 115
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2024 Jun 16
{Factor}: 2.728
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104894
{Abstract}: This study examined the effects of liquid nitrogen vapor on osteogenesis in the rabbit femur. Cryotweezers made of porous nickel titanium alloy (nitinol or NiTi) obtained by self-propagating high temperature synthesis were used in this experiment. The porous structure of the cryotweezers allows them to hold up to 10 g of liquid nitrogen after being immersed for 2 min, which completely evaporates after 160 s. To study the effects of liquid nitrogen evaporation on osteogenesis, a rabbit femur was perforated. The formed holes were subjected to cryotherapy with varying exposure times. It was found that a 3 s exposure time stimulates osteogenesis, which was manifested in a greater number of osteoblasts in the regenerate compared to the control sample without liquid nitrogen. It was observed that increasing the exposure to 6, 9 or 12 s had a destructive effect, to varying degrees. The most severe damage was exerted by a 12 s exposure, which resulted in the formation of osteonecrosis areas. In the samples exposed to 6 and 9 s of cryotherapy, destruction of the cytoplasm of osteocytes and osteoclasts was observed.