{Reference Type}: Case Reports {Title}: Tau and delirium superimposed on dementia: A case report. {Author}: Yu PC;Kuo CM;Chen IC; {Journal}: SAGE Open Med Case Rep {Volume}: 12 {Issue}: 0 {Year}: 2024 暂无{DOI}: 10.1177/2050313X241243148 {Abstract}: We present a case involving a 60-year-old man with subacute delirium characterized by challenging attention shifts and obstinate behavior, contrasting with his usual mild-mannered personality. The patient developed pneumonia and a urinary tract infection following the onset of subacute delirium. Despite exhaustive investigations, the cause remained elusive until cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed Tau positivity. Our overview suggests neurodegenerative diseases as the primary cause, rather than infectious or autoimmune factors. The case underscores a significant association between Tau and delirium superimposed on dementia, offering guidance to clinicians managing such patients.