{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Symmetry recovery in zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures compared to normal unfractured population: A new reliable 3D evaluation.
{Author}: Dubron K;Yang LH;Jacobs R;Politis C;Willaert R;Shaheen E;
{Journal}: J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg
{Volume}: 125
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 2024 Jun 29
{Factor}: 2.48
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101857
{Abstract}: <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>This study aims to quantify the facial symmetry of surgically treated zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures through a new reliable three-dimensional evaluation method, which is crucial for improving post-operative aesthetic and functional outcomes.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Healthy patients and patients with surgically treated ZMC fractures were retrospectively reviewed. Using Brainlab Elements® the zygomatic bone and the orbit of each patient was segmented and mirrored. Subsequently, the mirrored side was matched with the other side via volume-based registration, using the segmented orbit as reference. Volumetric asymmetry was measured using 3-matic software, and a surface-based matching technique was used to calculate the mean absolute differences (MAD) between the surfaces of the two sides of the ZMC. The reliability of this novel method using volume-based registration was tested, and the intra-class correlation coefficient was assessed.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>The MAD between the surfaces of the left and right sides in the control group was 0.51 mm (±0.09). As for the ZMC fracture group, MAD was 0.78 mm (±0.20) and 0.72 mm (±0.15) pre- and post-operatively, respectively. The MAD showed statistically significant differences between pre- and post-operative groups (p = 0.005) and between control and post-operative groups (p < 0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient was high (≥0.99).<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>This evaluation method using mirroring and volume-based registration to determine the symmetrical position of the ZMC is reliable. The surface-based measurements revealed an improved symmetry after surgery. However, the symmetry of the treated patients remained lower than the control group.