{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor of the spinal cord: Case report and literature review.
{Author}: Duong MT;Ungemach A;Malik F;Duong MT;Wasserman N;Cooper K;Pantel AR;O'Neil JC;Szep Z;
{Journal}: J Neuroimmunol
{Volume}: 390
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2024 May 15
{Factor}: 3.221
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578329
{Abstract}: We report the first description of spinal cord mycobacterial spindle cell pseudotumor. A patient with newly diagnosed advanced HIV presented with recent-onset bilateral leg weakness and was found to have a hypermetabolic spinal cord mass on structural and molecular imaging. Biopsy and cultures from blood and cerebrospinal fluid confirmed spindle cell pseudotumor due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Despite control of HIV and initial reduction in pseudotumor volume on antiretrovirals and antimycobacterials (azithromycin, ethambutol, rifampin/rifabutin), he ultimately experienced progressive leg weakness due to pseudotumor re-expansion. Here, we review literature and discuss multidisciplinary diagnosis, monitoring and management challenges, including immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.