{Reference Type}: Case Reports
{Title}: Novel Insights from Clinical Practice Autologous Blood Patch Pleurodesis and Endobronchial Valves for Management of Persistent Air Leaks in Two Cases of Tuberculosis.
{Author}: Martinez AF;Tom Z;Hsia DW;Vintch J;Yee N;
{Journal}: Respiration
{Volume}: 103
{Issue}: 5
{Year}: 2024 Feb 28
{Factor}: 3.966
{DOI}: 10.1159/000537992
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Pulmonary infections, such as tuberculosis, can result in numerous pleural complications including empyemas, pneumothoraces with broncho-pleural fistulas, and persistent air leak (PAL). While definitive surgical interventions are often initially considered, management of these complications can be particularly challenging if a patient has an active infection and is not a surgical candidate.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Autologous blood patch pleurodesis and endobronchial valve placement have both been described in remedying PALs effectively and safely. PALs due to broncho-pleural fistulas in active pulmonary disease are rare, and we present two such cases that were managed with autologous blood patch pleurodesis and endobronchial valves.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>The two cases presented illustrate the complexities of PAL management and discuss the treatment options that can be applied to individual patients.