{Reference Type}: Observational Study
{Title}: Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end-products relates to new cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal observational study.
{Author}: Alkhami F;Borderie G;Foussard N;Larroumet A;Blanco L;Barbet-Massin MA;Ferriere A;Ducos C;Mohammedi K;Fawaz S;Couffinhal T;Rigalleau V;
{Journal}: Diabetes Metab
{Volume}: 50
{Issue}: 2
{Year}: 2024 Mar 11
{Factor}: 8.254
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101524
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Cardiovascular disease is frequent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated the relationship between skin autofluorescence (SAF) of advanced glycation end-products and later cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with T2DM.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 504 patients hospitalized for uncontrolled and/or complicated T2DM between 2009 and 2017. SAF was measured using an AGE-Reader. Participants were followed up from admission to December 2020, for the onset of a CVE (myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization procedures or cardiovascular death). The relationship between SAF and CVE was analyzed by multivariable Cox regression. Log-rank curves were used to compare CVE-free survival in patients whose SAF at admission was above versus below the whole-population median. The analysis was repeated in subjects without/with macroangiopathy (defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral revascularization) at baseline.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>During 54 months of follow-up, 69 (13.7%) patients had a CVE. Baseline SAF was significantly higher in patients with T2DM who later experienced a CVE (2.89 ± 0.70 arbitrary units versus 2.64 ± 0.62 in others, P = 0.002). This relationship was significant after adjusting for age, sex, conventional risk factors (diabetes duration, HbA1c, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, body mass index), vascular complications, C-reactive protein, and treatments for diabetes. The CVE-free survival curves differed between subjects whose SAF was above the whole-population median (log-rank: P = 0.002) and those whose SAF was above the macroangiopathy-free sub-population median (log-rank: P = 0.016).<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>SAF of advanced glycation end-products was related to a higher incidence of later CVE in patients with T2DM.