{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Asymmetric nucleosome PARylation at DNA breaks mediates directional nucleosome sliding by ALC1.
{Author}: Bacic L;Gaullier G;Mohapatra J;Mao G;Brackmann K;Panfilov M;Liszczak G;Sabantsev A;Deindl S;
{Journal}: Nat Commun
{Volume}: 15
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2024 Feb 2
{Factor}: 17.694
{DOI}: 10.1038/s41467-024-45237-8
{Abstract}: The chromatin remodeler ALC1 is activated by DNA damage-induced poly(ADP-ribose) deposited by PARP1/PARP2 and their co-factor HPF1. ALC1 has emerged as a cancer drug target, but how it is recruited to ADP-ribosylated nucleosomes to affect their positioning near DNA breaks is unknown. Here we find that PARP1/HPF1 preferentially initiates ADP-ribosylation on the histone H2B tail closest to the DNA break. To dissect the consequences of such asymmetry, we generate nucleosomes with a defined ADP-ribosylated H2B tail on one side only. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of ALC1 bound to such an asymmetric nucleosome indicates preferential engagement on one side. Using single-molecule FRET, we demonstrate that this asymmetric recruitment gives rise to directed sliding away from the DNA linker closest to the ADP-ribosylation site. Our data suggest a mechanism by which ALC1 slides nucleosomes away from a DNA break to render it more accessible to repair factors.