{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Intrinsic stenosing and occlusive pathologies of the vertebral artery: A narrative review.
{Author}: Correia PN;Meyer IA;Odier C;
{Journal}: Neurochirurgie
{Volume}: 70
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 2024 May 30
{Factor}: 1.725
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2023.101527
{Abstract}: Intrinsic pathologies of the vertebral arteries, such as atherosclerosis, dissection, fibromuscular dysplasia, radionecrosis and vasculitis, are important causes of vertebrobasilar insufficiency and cerebrovascular events. This review focuses on non-aneurysmal intrinsic stenosing and occlusive pathologies, covering their epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment options. It also provides a detailed summary of key clinical presentations and syndromes, including an in-depth examination of lateral medullary syndrome, historically known as Wallenberg's syndrome, which is arguably the most emblematic condition resulting from vertebral artery involvement and is depicted in an illustrative cartoon.