{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Algerian Propolis from Distinct Geographical Locations: Chemical Profiles, Antioxidant Capacity, Cytotoxicity and Inhibition of 5-Lipoxygenase Product Biosynthesis.
{Author}: Ayad AS;Hébert MPA;Doiron JA;Loucif-Ayad W;Daas T;Smagghe G;Alburaki M;Barnett DA;Touaibia M;Surette ME;
{Journal}: Chem Biodivers
{Volume}: 21
{Issue}: 4
{Year}: 2024 Apr 19
{Factor}: 2.745
{DOI}: 10.1002/cbdv.202301758
{Abstract}: Propolis was collected from honeybee hives in three geographically distinct Algerian climates and extracts were characterized for composition and bioactivity. Bees were identified as native subspecies using an in-silico DraI mtDNA COI-COII test. Over 20 compounds were identified in extracts by LC-MS. Extracts from the Medea region were more enriched in phenolic content (302±28 mg GAE/g of dry extract) than those from Annaba and Ghardaia regions. Annaba extracts had the highest flavonoid content (1870±385 mg QCE/g of dry extract). Medea extracts presented the highest free-radical scavenging activity (IC50=13.5 μg/mL) using the DPPH radical assay while Ghardaia extracts from the desert region were weak (IC50>100 μg/mL). Antioxidant activities measured using AAPH oxidation of linoleic acid were similar in all extracts with IC50 values ranging from 2.9 to 4.9 μg/mL. All extracts were cytotoxic (MTT assay) and proapoptotic (Annexin-V) against human leukemia cell lines in the low μg/mL range, although the Annaba extract was less active against the Reh cell line. Extracts inhibited cellular 5-lipoxygenase product biosynthesis with IC50 values ranging from 0.6 to 3.2 μg/mL. Overall, examined propolis extracts exhibited significant biological activity that warrant further characterization in cellular and in vivo models.