{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Microbial Primer: The bacterial flagellum - how bacteria swim. {Author}: Armitage JP; {Journal}: Microbiology (Reading) {Volume}: 170 {Issue}: 1 {Year}: 2024 01 {Factor}: 2.956 {DOI}: 10.1099/mic.0.001406 {Abstract}: Bacteria swim using membrane-spanning, electrochemical gradient-powered motors that rotate semi-rigid helical filaments. This primer provides a brief overview of the basic synthesis, structure and operation of these nanomachines. Details and variations on the basic system can be found in suggested further reading.