{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Simultaneous Occurrence of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Series with Literature Review.
{Author}: Fallahi P;Patrizio A;Stoppini G;Elia G;Ragusa F;Paparo SR;Balestri E;Mazzi V;Botrini C;Varricchi G;Ulisse S;Ghionzoli M;Antonelli A;Ferrari SM;
{Journal}: Curr Oncol
{Volume}: 30
{Issue}: 12
{Year}: 2023 11 30
{Factor}: 3.109
{DOI}: 10.3390/curroncol30120745
{Abstract}: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of differentiated TC, while medullary TC (MTC) accounts for 4%. The concomitant presence of PTC and MTC is rare.<BR>This is a retrospective, single-center observational study conducted over 16 years (2001-2017). The data were collected from the clinical records of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at the Endocrine Unit-Department of Medicine of the University Hospital of Pisa, Italy.<BR>Over 690 analyzed cases, 650 (94.2%) were exclusive DTC, 19 exclusive MTC (2.75%) and 5 PTC/MTC (0.7%). No case of mixed medullary/follicular TC or hereditary MTC (familial MTC/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2) was found. Among the five PTC/MTC cases, there was a male prevalence (M:F = 3:2), and all PTC components were at stage I, whereas 40% of MTC were at stage I and III and 20% of MTC were at stage II; microPTC (mPTC) was prevalent (80%) and also microMTCs were frequent (40%); 60% of MTC patients recovered, while 40% of patients developed metastatic disease. The search for germline mutations of the RET gene resulted in being negative in all cases.<BR>The incidence of PTC/MTC has been increasing over the past 30 years. The etiology of PTC/MTC forms is still unknown, and although this simultaneous occurrence could be only a coincidence, we cannot exclude the hypothesis of a shared genetic origin.