{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Third window lesions of the inner ear: A pictorial review.
{Author}: Khandalavala KR;Dornhoffer JR;Farnsworth PJ;Staricha KL;Benson JC;Lane JI;Carlson ML;
{Journal}: Am J Otolaryngol
{Volume}: 45
{Issue}: 2
{Year}: 2024 Mar-Apr 13
{Factor}: 2.873
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.104192
{Abstract}: <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Radiographic review of pathologies that associate with third window syndrome.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Case series and literature review.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Eight unique third window conditions are described and illustrated, including superior, lateral, and posterior semicircular canal dehiscence; carotid-cochlear, facial-cochlear, and internal auditory canal-cochlear dehiscence, labyrinthine erosion from endolymphatic sac tumor, and enlarged vestibular aqueduct.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>The present study highlights the characteristic imaging features and symptoms to differentiate third window pathologies for expedient diagnosis and management planning.