{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Novel approach to prenatal predictors of outcomes for fetuses with severe Ebstein anomaly.
{Author}: Narang K;Wyatt M;O'Leary P;Qureshi MY;Kolbe A;Stephens EH;Dearani JA;Ruano R;
{Journal}: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med
{Volume}: 36
{Issue}: 2
{Year}: 2023 Dec
{Factor}: 2.323
{DOI}: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2271626
{Abstract}: <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Ebstein anomaly (EA) is a cardiac malformation with highly variable presentation and severity with limited perinatal management options. We present incorporation of fetal lung measurements into a multidisciplinary evaluation for counseling and predicting postnatal outcomes in patients with severe EA.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Five fetuses with severe fetal EA were reviewed. Third trimester sonographic observed/expected total lung area (O/E TLA) and lung to head ratio (O/E LHR), fetal MRI total fetal lung volume ratio (O/E-TFLV), echocardiographic cardio-thoracic ratio (CT ratio), sonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) by Hadlock formula and presence of hydrops, were used to guide perinatal management.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Three of five had appropriate fetal growth, were delivered at term in a cardiac operative suite, and underwent immediate intervention with good neonatal outcomes. Two had severe fetal growth restriction (FGR), CT ratios > 0.8 and O/E LHR and TLA < 25%. One of which delivered prematurely with neonatal demise and one suffered in utero demise at 34 weeks.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>FGR, hydrops, increased CT ratio and reduced O/E LHR and TFLV are potential prognosticators of poor outcomes in severe EA, and should be validated in larger cohorts that would allow for a statistical analysis of the predictive utility of these measurements.<BR>Pulmonary hypoplasia is associated with severe morbidityThere are limited prognosticating tools to risk stratify and guide management in cases of severe prenatal Ebstein anomaliesFetal MRI may improve prognostication for fetuses with EA.