{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Phytochemical Compounds Involved in the Bone Regeneration Process and Their Innovative Administration: A Systematic Review.
{Author}: Hanga-Farcaș A;Miere Groza F;Filip GA;Clichici S;Fritea L;Vicaș LG;Marian E;Pallag A;Jurca T;Filip SM;Muresan ME;
{Journal}: Plants (Basel)
{Volume}: 12
{Issue}: 10
{Year}: 2023 May 22
{Factor}: 4.658
{DOI}: 10.3390/plants12102055
{Abstract}: Bone metabolism is a complex process which is influenced by the activity of bone cells (e.g., osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts); the effect of some specific biomarkers (e.g., parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, osterix, RANKL, Runx2); and the characteristic signaling pathways (e.g., RANKL/RANK, Wnt/β, Notch, BMP, SMAD). Some phytochemical compounds-such as flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, anthocyanins, terpenoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids and others-presented a beneficial and stimulating effect in the bone regeneration process due to the pro-estrogenic activity, the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effect and modulation of bone signaling pathways. Lately, nanomedicine has emerged as an innovative concept for new treatments in bone-related pathologies envisaged through the incorporation of medicinal substances in nanometric systems for oral or local administration, as well as in nanostructured scaffolds with huge potential in bone tissue engineering.