{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Causal Effect of Chondroitin, Glucosamine, Vitamin, and Mineral Intake on Kidney Function: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
{Author}: Cho JM;Koh JH;Kim SG;Lee S;Kim Y;Cho S;Kim K;Kim YC;Han SS;Lee H;Lee JP;Joo KW;Lim CS;Kim YS;Kim DK;Park S;
{Journal}: Nutrients
{Volume}: 15
{Issue}: 15
{Year}: 2023 Jul 26
{Factor}: 6.706
{DOI}: 10.3390/nu15153318
{Abstract}: The causal effects of chondroitin, glucosamine, and vitamin/mineral supplement intake on kidney function remain unknown, despite being commonly used. We conducted a two-sample summary-level Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to test for causal associations between regular dietary supplement intake and kidney function. Genetic instruments for chondroitin, glucosamine, and vitamin/mineral supplement intake were obtained from a genome-wide association study of European ancestry. Summary statistics for the log-transformed estimated glomerular filtration rate (log-eGFR) were provided by the CKDGen consortium. The multiplicative random-effects inverse-variance weighted method showed that genetically predicted chondroitin and glucosamine intake was causally associated with a lower eGFR (chondroitin, eGFR change beta = -0.113%, standard error (SE) = 0.03%, p-value = 2 × 10-4; glucosamine, eGFR change beta = -0.240%, SE = 0.035%, p-value = 6 × 10-12). However, a genetically predicted vitamin/mineral supplement intake was associated with a higher eGFR (eGFR change beta = 1.426%, SE = 0.136%, p-value = 1 × 10-25). Validation analyses and pleiotropy-robust MR results for chondroitin and vitamin/mineral supplement intake supported the main results. Our MR study suggests a potential causal effect of chondroitin and glucosamine intake on kidney function. Therefore, clinicians should carefully monitor their long-term effects.