{Reference Type}: Case Reports
{Title}: Secondary immunoglobulin A nephropathy with gross hematuria leading to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination: a case report.
{Author}: Fukuda M;Kaneko T;Kawai T;Ishii H;Shimizu A;
{Journal}: BMC Nephrol
{Volume}: 24
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: 2023 08 8
{Factor}: 2.585
{DOI}: 10.1186/s12882-023-03287-y
{Abstract}: The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been followed by many reports of the development and relapse of autoimmune diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Some of these reports have involved relapse or onset of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Here, we report on a patient with IgA nephropathy who presented with gross hematuria and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.<BR>A 63-year-old male patient with a history of habitual tonsillitis underwent bilateral tonsillectomy. He had a history of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and microscopic hematuria and proteinuria were indicated during a health checkup 2 years before hospital admission. He developed hematuria after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, which led to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, for which he was hospitalized. A renal biopsy led to the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. Although pulse steroid therapy during his condition resulted in hepatic encephalopathy, three courses combined with mizoribine improved his renal function.<BR>SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines activate T cells, which are involved in the pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy. Therefore, this case suggests that the exacerbation of IgA nephropathy by the vaccine favors the vasculitis aspect of the disease.