{Reference Type}: Journal Article {Title}: Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Ontario, Canada, 2020. {Author}: Marras TK;Nelson P;Peci A;Richard-Greenblatt M;Brode S;Sullivan A;Jamieson FB;Kus JV; {Journal}: Emerg Infect Dis {Volume}: 29 {Issue}: 7 {Year}: 2023 07 {Factor}: 16.126 {DOI}: 10.3201/eid2907.230216 {Abstract}: We measured annual prevalence of microbiologically defined nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in Ontario, Canada. Mycobacterium avium prevalence was 13 cases/100,000 persons in 2020, a 2.5-fold increase from 2010, indicating a large increase in true M. avium lung disease. During the same period, M. xenopi decreased nearly 50%, to 0.84 cases/100,000 persons.