{Reference Type}: Review
{Title}: [Clinical diagnosis and treatment of hereditary thrombocytopenia and purpura: a report of five cases and literature review].
{Author}: Lyu XP;Yin J;Kong DQ;Tian H;Li Y;Qyu Q;Su J;Cao LJ;Bai X;Yu ZQ;Wang ZY;Wu DP;Ruan CG;
{Journal}: Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
{Volume}: 44
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: Jan 2023 14
暂无{DOI}: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.01.008
{Abstract}: Objective: To report the clinical manifestations and laboratory features of five patients with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) and explore its standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment along with a review of literature. Methods: Clinical data of patients, such as age of onset, disease manifestation, personal history, family history, and misdiagnosed disease, were collected. Treatment outcomes, therapeutic effects of plasma infusion, and organ function evaluation were observed. The relationship among the clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes, and ADAMTS13 gene mutation of patients with cTTP was analyzed. Additionally, detection of ADAMTS13 activity and analysis of ADAMTS13 gene mutation were explored. Results: The age of onset of cTTP was either in childhood or adulthood except in one case, which was at the age of 1. The primary manifestations were obvious thrombocytopenia, anemia, and different degrees of nervous system involvement. Most of the patients were initially suspected of having immune thrombocytopenia. Acute cTTP was induced by pregnancy and infection in two and one case, respectively. ADAMTS13 gene mutation was detected in all cases, and there was an inherent relationship between the mutation site, clinical manifestations, and degree of organ injury. Therapeutic or prophylactic plasma transfusion was effective for treating cTTP. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of cTTP vary among individuals, resulting in frequent misdiagnosis that delays treatment. ADAMTS13 activity detection in plasma and ADAMTS13 gene mutation analysis are important bases to diagnose cTTP. Prophylactic plasma transfusion is vital to prevent the onset of the disease.<BR>目的： 报道5例遗传性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（cTTP）患者的临床表现及实验室检查特点，结合文献资料探讨cTTP的临床诊治方法。 方法： 分析患者发病年龄、疾病表现、个人史、家族史、误诊情况等临床资料，观察血浆输注疗效和器官功能评估等治疗结局；结合血浆ADAMTS13活性测定及ADAMTS13基因突变分析，探讨cTTP临床表现、治疗结局与ADAMTS13基因突变间的相互内在联系。 结果： 5例CTTP患者中男1例，女4例，发病年龄分别为1、9、12、19、31岁，主要临床表现为血小板明显减少、贫血及神经系统受累表现；既往多被疑诊为免疫性血小板减少症；2例女性患者因妊娠诱发，其他病例存在感染诱因。所有病例均检出ADAMTS13基因突变，基因突变区域与患者临床表现及器官损伤程度之间存在内在联系。治疗性和预防性血浆输注是有效的治疗方法。 结论： cTTP临床表现具有明显异质性，易被误诊而延误治疗。ADAMTS13活性检测和基因突变分析是重要诊断依据，预防性血浆输注可有效控制疾病发作。.