{Reference Type}: Randomized Controlled Trial
{Title}: Effect of High-Dose Selenium on Postoperative Organ Dysfunction and Mortality in Cardiac Surgery Patients: The SUSTAIN CSX Randomized Clinical Trial.
{Author}: Stoppe C;McDonald B;Meybohm P;Christopher KB;Fremes S;Whitlock R;Mohammadi S;Kalavrouziotis D;Elke G;Rossaint R;Helmer P;Zacharowski K;Günther U;Parotto M;Niemann B;Böning A;Mazer CD;Jones PM;Ferner M;Lamarche Y;Lamontagne F;Liakopoulos OJ;Cameron M;Müller M;Zarbock A;Wittmann M;Goetzenich A;Kilger E;Schomburg L;Day AG;Heyland DK; ;
{Journal}: JAMA Surg
{Volume}: 158
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: 03 2023 1
{Factor}: 16.681
{DOI}: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.6855
{Abstract}: Selenium contributes to antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory pathways, which may improve outcomes in patients at high risk of organ dysfunctions after cardiac surgery.<BR>To assess the ability of high-dose intravenous sodium selenite treatment to reduce postoperative organ dysfunction and mortality in cardiac surgery patients.<BR>This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial took place at 23 sites in Germany and Canada from January 2015 to January 2021. Adult cardiac surgery patients with a European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II score-predicted mortality of 5% or more or planned combined surgical procedures were randomized.<BR>Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) by a web-based system to receive either perioperative intravenous high-dose selenium supplementation of 2000 μg/L of sodium selenite prior to cardiopulmonary bypass, 2000 μg/L immediately postoperatively, and 1000 μg/L each day in intensive care for a maximum of 10 days or placebo.<BR>The primary end point was a composite of the numbers of days alive and free from organ dysfunction during the first 30 days following cardiac surgery.<BR>A total of 1416 adult cardiac surgery patients were analyzed (mean [SD] age, 68.2 [10.4] years; 1043 [74.8%] male). The median (IQR) predicted 30-day mortality by European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II score was 8.7% (5.6%-14.9%), and most patients had combined coronary revascularization and valvular procedures. Selenium did not increase the number of persistent organ dysfunction-free and alive days over the first 30 postoperative days (median [IQR], 29 [28-30] vs 29 [28-30]; P = .45). The 30-day mortality rates were 4.2% in the selenium and 5.0% in the placebo group (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.50-1.36; P = .44). Safety outcomes did not differ between the groups.<BR>In high-risk cardiac surgery patients, perioperative administration of high-dose intravenous sodium selenite did not reduce morbidity or mortality. The present data do not support the routine perioperative use of selenium for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.<BR>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02002247.